Prosopis cinerariaGhaf Tree

The Prosopis cineraria, or Ghaf Tree, is a drought-tolerant, evergreen tree native to arid regions of the Middle East and South Asia. Known for its resilience, the Ghaf thrives in extreme desert conditions, growing up to 10 to 15 metres tall. Its dense canopy of feathery, grey-green leaves provides valuable shade, while its small, fragrant yellow flowers bloom in clusters during the hotter months, followed by seed pods used as fodder.

This culturally significant tree is valued for its ability to stabilise sandy soils, provide forage, and support biodiversity. It is the national tree of the UAE, symbolizing sustainability and resilience.

Specifications

• Height10 to 15 metres
• Width8 to 12 metres
• Native toMiddle East and South Asia
• FoliageSmall, feathery, grey-green leaves; evergreen
• Growth rateSlow to moderate

Conditions

• SoilThrives in well-drained, sandy or loamy soils; tolerates saline and nutrient-poor soils
• LightFull sun
• WaterExtremely low; highly drought-tolerant once established
• ClimateThrives in arid and semi-arid regions

Additional Features

• Flowers and PodsSmall, fragrant yellow flowers; flattened seed pods used as livestock fodder
• UsesIdeal for shade, windbreaks, erosion control, reforestation, and agroforestry
• SpacingPlant 8 to 10 metres apart for individual growth or windbreaks
• Low MaintenanceRequires little care; prune to maintain shape and manage canopy
• Pest ResistanceGenerally resilient; monitor for pests like psyllids and borers in stressed trees
• Wildlife AttractionProvides food and shelter for birds, mammals, and pollinators
• Cultural and Economic ValueUsed in traditional medicine, fuelwood, and as a fodder source

The Ghaf Tree is a symbol of resilience and sustainability, offering ecological benefits and cultural significance in arid landscapes while supporting biodiversity and community needs