Dracaena cinnabari
Socotra dragon tree
The Dracaena cinnabari, or Socotra Dragon Tree, is a striking and ancient evergreen tree native to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Known for its umbrella-shaped canopy and thick, branching trunk, it exudes a unique prehistoric charm. Its name originates from the red sap, known as "dragon's blood," which has been used for centuries in medicine, dyes, and rituals. The tree grows up to 6–10 meters tall, with dense clusters of narrow, sword-shaped leaves.
Ideal for arid and rocky landscapes, this slow-growing tree thrives in dry climates and adds a dramatic focal point to gardens and conservation projects.
Specifications
- Height6–10 meters
- Width5–8 meters (umbrella-shaped canopy)
- Native toSocotra, Yemen
- FoliageNarrow, sword-shaped green leaves clustered at branch tips; evergreen
- Growth rateSlow
Conditions
- SoilPrefers well-drained, rocky, or sandy soils; tolerates nutrient-poor conditions
- LightFull sun
- WaterLow; highly drought-tolerant once established
- ClimateThrives in arid and semi-arid regions
Additional Features
- FormUnique umbrella-shaped canopy with a thick, branching trunk
- UsesIdeal for feature planting, xeriscaping, or as a conservation species
- SpacingPlant 4–6 meters apart for standalone impact or grouped displays
- Low MaintenanceRequires little care; suited for dry, rocky environments
- Pest ResistanceNaturally hardy and resilient to pests
- Drought ToleranceExcellent for water-wise gardens and harsh conditions
- Cultural SignificanceRenowned for its "dragon’s blood" sap, historically valued in medicine and art
The Socotra Dragon Tree is a rare and extraordinary species, perfect for creating dramatic landscapes or serving as a conservation symbol in arid regions, while highlighting the beauty of ancient flora.